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目的 探索锡矿矿尘的致病强度和最低无害作用水平。方法 选择广西锡矿 1 960～1 974年期间接触矿尘至少 1年的男性矿工 4 471名建立回顾性接尘队列 ,并用以同一方法建立的瓷厂接尘队列与其进行比较 ;采用SAS中的生存检验分析软件进行非参数估算 ,评价锡矿矿尘致矽肺的危险度。结果 随访到 1 994年底 ,锡矿队列工人矽肺发病 971例 (2 1 .7% ) ,其中 81 %的病例为 1 958年前接尘对象 ,累积接触总粉尘量 (CTD)与矽肺危险度明显相关 :当CTD <50mg·m- 3·年 - 1 时 ,矽肺危险度为 0 .0 1 2 ;CTD >40 0mg·m- 3·年 - 1 时 ,矽肺危险度上升到 0 .971。瓷厂接尘工人CTD >40 0mg·m- 3·年 - 1 时 ,矽肺危险度仅为 0 .369。结论 锡矿接触矿尘工人的矽肺发病与CTD明显相关 ;锡矿矿尘导致矽肺的危险性远比瓷厂的陶瓷尘严重
Objective To explore the pathogenic strength of mine dust and the lowest harmless level of tin mine. Methods A total of 4 471 male miners who contacted mine dust in Guangxi Tin Mine from 1960 to 1974 were selected to establish a retrospective dust collection cohort and compare them with the dust collection cohorts established by the same method. Survival test analysis software for non-parametric estimation of tin mine risk of silicosis. Results By the end of 1994, 971 cases (21.7%) of silicosis occurred in the tin miners, of which 81% were exposed to dust before 1958. The cumulative exposure to total dust (CTD) and silicosis were significantly higher Correlation: When the CTD was less than 50mg · m-3 · year-1, the risk of silicosis was 0.012 and the risk of silicosis increased to 0.97 after CTD> 40 0mg · m-3 · year-1. Porcelain factory workers exposed to CTD> 40 0mg · m-3 · year - 1, the silicosis risk was only 0.369. Conclusion The incidence of silicosis in workers exposed to tin mine is significantly related to CTD. The risk of silicosis caused by tin mine dust is far more serious than that of porcelain factory