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目的探讨2010-2012年多药耐药菌医院感染的临床特点,为制定其引起医院感染的预防控制措施提供依据。方法选择2010-2012年57 363例住院患者临床资料,采用前瞻性与回顾性调查相结合的方法对343例多药耐药菌医院感染患者的临床资料进行调查分析,数据采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行处理。结果 57 363例住院患者中343例发生多药耐药菌感染,感染率为0.60%,2010-2012年多药耐药菌医院感染率分别为0.23%、0.55%、1.06%,呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);痰液中检出多药耐药菌最多136株占39.65%,其次为尿液、分泌物,分别占28.28%、19.53%;检出前3位的多药耐药菌分别为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌及鲍氏不动杆菌,分别占55.98%、18.66%及5.54%;感染部位居前3位的分别为呼吸道、泌尿道及皮肤软组织,分别占39.36%、30.03%及8.45%;目标性监测标本200份,在媒介物中共检出18株多药耐药菌,检出率为9.00%。结论 2010-2011年多药耐药菌医院感染率呈逐年上升趋势,根据导致医院感染的相关因素,采取预防控制措施,可有效降低医院感染的发生,保障医疗安全。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of multidrug-resistant nosocomial infections from 2010 to 2012 in order to provide evidence for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods The clinical data of 57 363 inpatients from 2010 to 2012 were selected. The clinical data of 343 patients with hospital-acquired multidrug-resistant bacteria were investigated by prospective and retrospective survey. The data were analyzed by SPSS13.0 statistical software For processing. Results Of 57 363 inpatients, 343 cases were multidrug-resistant and the infection rate was 0.60%. The hospital infection rates of multidrug-resistant bacteria in 2010 to 2012 were 0.23%, 0.55% and 1.06%, respectively, showing an upward trend year by year , The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); sputum detected multi-drug resistant bacteria up to 136 strains accounted for 39.65%, followed by urine, secretions, accounting for 28.28%, 19.53% respectively; Of multidrug-resistant strains were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii, accounting for 55.98%, 18.66% and 5.54% respectively. The top three infected sites were respiratory tract, urinary tract and Skin and soft tissue, accounting for 39.36%, 30.03% and 8.45% respectively; 200 target monitoring samples were detected, and 18 multidrug-resistant bacteria were detected in the vector with a detection rate of 9.00%. Conclusion The prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in hospital from 2010 to 2011 has been increasing year by year. According to the related factors leading to nosocomial infection, prevention and control measures can effectively reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections and ensure medical safety.