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双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium),乳杆菌(lactobacillus)是人和动物肠道中占绝对优势的生理性细菌。这些细菌都能发酵糖类,并产生大量乳酸,因此称之为乳酸菌(lactic acid bacteria,LAB)。双歧杆菌等乳酸菌与机体共同构成一个整体,对维护肠道微生态平衡和健康具有重要意义。例如,乳酸菌能合成多种维生素和酶,为机体提供营养;增强机体免疫功能,提高抗感染能力;酸化肠道环境,抑制病原菌生长;提高宿主对放射线的耐受性,保护造血器官。现已肯定,双歧杆菌等乳酸菌是人体健康的重要标志。乳酸菌在防治肿瘤方面的重要作用颇受学者们关注。研究证实,乳酸菌及其发酵的酸奶具有预防和抑制肿瘤的作用。本文就此作一回顾。
Bifidobacterium (lactobacillus) is a physiologically dominant bacteria in the gut of humans and animals. These bacteria can ferment sugars and produce large amounts of lactic acid, so they are called lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Bifidobacterium and other lactic acid bacteria together with the organism form a whole, which is of great significance for maintaining the microecological balance and health of the intestine. For example, lactic acid bacteria can synthesize various vitamins and enzymes to provide nutrients for the body; enhance immune functions and increase anti-infective capacity; acidify the intestinal environment and inhibit the growth of pathogens; increase the host’s tolerance to radiation and protect hematopoietic organs. It has now been confirmed that lactic acid bacteria such as Bifidobacteria are important signs of human health. The important role of lactic acid bacteria in the prevention and treatment of cancer has attracted the attention of scholars. Studies have confirmed that lactic acid bacteria and fermented yoghurt have the effect of preventing and inhibiting tumors. This article makes a review of this.