论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨手足口病疫情特点,为防控工作提供依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法对遵义市2008-2010年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2008-2010年累计报告手足口病10 148例,其中临床诊断病例10009例,实验室确诊病例139例,重症33例,死亡9例,年均发病率为46.61/10万。2008-2010年年发病率分别为20.97/10万、45.75/10万、78.92/10万。男女发病比为2.17∶1,发病年龄以5岁以下婴幼儿为主,占病例总数的91.22%。发病时间以4～7月为高峰,占病例总数的77.78%。散居儿童和托幼儿童分别占68.25%、24.08%。检测病例咽拭子、肛拭子标本320份,肠道病毒核酸阳性率40.31%,其中EV71型病毒核酸阳性68份,Cox A16病毒核酸阳性71份、其他肠道病毒1份。结论 2008-2010年遵义市手足口病呈逐年上升,同时存在EV71和CoxA16感染,应加强健康教育宣传和疫情监测,重点加强对托幼机构等场所的管理,开展爱国卫生整治,落实综合性防治措施控制疫情。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of HFMD epidemic and provide basis for prevention and control. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of HFMD in Zunyi from 2008 to 2010. Results A total of 10 148 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in 2008-2010, of which 10009 were clinically diagnosed, 139 were diagnosed clinically, 33 were severe and 9 died. The average annual incidence was 46.61 / 100,000. The annual incidence rates in 2008-2010 were 20.97 / 100000, 45.75 / 100000 and 78.92 / 100000 respectively. Male to female incidence ratio of 2.17: 1, the age of onset to infants under 5 years of age, accounting for 91.22% of the total number of cases. The onset time peaked from April to July, accounting for 77.78% of the total cases. Diaspora and kindergarten children accounted for 68.25% and 24.08% respectively. 320 cases of throat swabs and rectal swabs were detected, the positive rate of enterovirus nucleic acid was 40.31%, of which 68 were positive for EV71 virus, 71 were positive for Cox A16 virus and 1 was for other enteroviruses. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Zunyi increased year by year from 2008 to 2010. There was EV71 and CoxA16 infection at the same time. Health education promotion and epidemic situation monitoring should be strengthened. Emphasis should be placed on the management of nurseries and childbirth facilities and other places. Patriotic health remediation should be carried out to implement comprehensive prevention and treatment Measures to control the outbreak.