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一 前言 南阳地区位于河南西南部,为伏牛山与桐柏山的山间盆地。周围山地及丘陵为花岗、片麻等岩石的殘积物或堆积物,丘陵盆地为第四纪黄土复盖,河谷平原属近代冲积物。因位于亚热带北缘,向温带过渡的地区,故气候温和,雨量充沛,年雨量为700—1,100毫米,分布不均,多集中于七、八两月,占年雨量50—60％,因而形成冬春多旱,秋季多涝,这是导致“上浸”现象发生的主要因素之一。所谓“上浸”是指某几种具有特殊粘结性能的土壤,当土壤受水影响后,
A foreword Nanyang area is located in the southwest of Henan, Funiu Mountain and Tongbai Mountain mountain basin. Around the mountains and hills for the granite, flax and other rocks of the debris or deposits, hilly basin cover for the Quaternary loess, valley plains are modern alluvial. Due to its location in the northern margin of the subtropical zone and its transition to temperate zone, the climate is mild with abundant rainfall. The annual rainfall is 700-1,100 mm and is unevenly distributed, mostly in July and August, accounting for 50-60% of the annual rainfall, thus forming More drought in winter and spring, more waterlogging in autumn, which is one of the main factors leading to the phenomenon of “immersion”. The so-called “on the dip” refers to a few kinds of soil with special bonding properties, when the soil affected by water,