论文部分内容阅读
本文讲讲什么是推理、推理的邏輯性和一些推理形式对使判断恰当的作用。什么是推理?推理也象概念、判断一样,是在調查研究过程中形成的。推理是由已知的知識推出新知識,即由一个或几个已知的判断推出一个新判断。在推理里,已知的判断叫前提,被推出的判断叫結論。例如,由“所有唯物主义者都是承认物貭第一性的”这一个判断(即前提),推出“所有不承认物貭第一性的、都不是唯物主义者”这样一个判断(即結論),就是一个推理。推理也象判断一样,有內容和形式。如上面那一个推理的形式是:
This article talks about what is reasoning, the logic of reasoning, and some forms of reasoning that make judgments as appropriate. What is reasoning? Reasoning, like concepts, judgments, is formed during the investigation and research. Inference is the introduction of new knowledge from known knowledge, that is, a new judgment is derived from one or several known judgments. In reasoning, known judgments are called prerequisites and judgments introduced are called conclusions. For example, judging from the premise that “all materialists acknowledge the primacy of material objects”, they put forward the notion that “all who disprove material firstness are not materialists” (ie, the conclusion ), Is a reasoning. Reasoning is like judging, with content and form. As in the above form of reasoning is: