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双光栅光谱仪光栅转轴是用于固定和驱动两块共轴凹面光栅的重要零件,其工作过程中出现的变形与振动现象均可能对双光栅光谱仪最终的波长测量结果带来影响。依据双光栅光谱仪的工作原理和实际工况,确定其光栅转轴结构优化的主要目标为质心调整,轻量化,避免共振和减小凹面光栅的随机响应变形。为实现光栅转轴的多目标优化,首先在UG中建立凹面光栅、光栅转轴及其固定结构的三维模型,然后导入ANSYS Workbench进行模态分析与随机响应分析,并针对其计算结果展开多目标优化。优化后,光栅转轴回转部分的质心调整到回转轴上,总质量由0.606 30 kg减轻到0.539 43 kg,二阶固有频率从184.83 Hz增大到187.77 Hz,凹面光栅Z轴方向最大随机响应变形从33.394μm减小到27.147μm。目前市面上常见的有限元分析软件均无法直接实现结构的质心调整,作者将该目标的实现提前到三维建模过程当中,并保证在后续优化过程中,回转部分的质心只在其回转轴上移动,从而使质心调整和轻量化等其他优化目标同时实现,该处理方法具有广泛的借鉴意义。
Dual-grating spectrometer The grating axis is an important part used to fix and drive two coaxial concave gratings. The deformation and vibration phenomena in the working process may affect the final wavelength measurement results of the dual-grating spectrometer. According to the working principle and the actual working conditions of double grating spectrometer, the main objectives of optimizing the structure of the grating rotary axis of the grating are to adjust the mass, reduce the weight, avoid resonance and reduce the random deformation of the concave grating. In order to realize the multi-objective optimization of raster rotary axis, a three-dimensional model of concave grating, raster rotary axis and its fixed structure is firstly established in UG, and then imported into ANSYS Workbench for modal analysis and random response analysis. Multi-objective optimization is carried out according to its calculation results. After optimization, the center of mass of the rotating part of the grating rotating axis is adjusted to the rotating axis, the total mass is reduced from 0.606 30 kg to 0.539 43 kg, the second natural frequency increases from 184.83 Hz to 187.77 Hz, and the maximum random response of the concave grating in the Z axis from 33.394 μm to 27.147 μm. At present, the finite element analysis software commonly available in the market can not directly adjust the centroid of the structure. The author advances the realization of the target to the process of three-dimensional modeling in advance and ensures that the centroid of the rotating part is only on the rotating axis in the subsequent optimization process Move, so that other optimization objectives such as centroid adjustment and weight reduction are realized at the same time. This processing method has extensive referential significance.