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泥蚶(学名Arca)是蚶科类的海生动物,在印度洋及太平洋区域分布极广,生活于浅海软泥滩中,常发现于淡水流入处,我省沿海一带均有养殖。1988年上海发生了甲型肝炎(下称甲肝)爆发流行。经流行病学调查,发现甲肝的发病与食用毛蚶有密切关系,电镜与病毒分离均也证实了毛蚶体内存在甲肝病毒。早在1977年美国报道某餐馆因食用甲肝病毒污染之毛蚶,使2781名就餐人中113人患了甲肝。1985年英国报道了食用贝壳类蛤、蚶等而致的食物中毒,并通过电镜观察证实由细小病毒引起的。
Mud clam (Arca) is a family of marine animals of the clam family. It is widely distributed in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. It lives in soft sea mudflats. It is often found in inflows of fresh water and is cultivated along the coast of our province. In 1988, an outbreak of hepatitis A (Hepatitis A) occurred in Shanghai. The epidemiological survey found that the incidence of hepatitis A and edible cathayensis are closely related to electron microscopy and virus isolation also confirmed the presence of hepatitis C virus in hairy catfish. As early as 1977, in the United States, a restaurant was reported to have hepatitis A because 113 of its 2781 diners were suffering from hepatitis C virus contamination. In 1985, the UK reported food poisoning caused by consumption of shellfish, clams and the like, and confirmed by a parvovirus infection by electron microscopy.