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为了提高 LED 的散热性能，本文基于烟囱效应原理，设计了一种特殊的直筒式烟囱结构的 LED 冷却用散热器。通过 Solidworks 构建三维模型，利用其插件 Flow Simulation 对构建的模型进行热仿真。研究了不同烟囱高度、通风口形状和大小对烟囱效应散热效果的影响。研究表明：烟囱效应有效地提高了散热器的对流散热性能。在烟囱高度为 50 mm，通风口等效直径为 8 mm，通风口形状为梯形时，LED 最高温度为 61.60 ℃，比优化前降低了 6.54 ℃。与传统散热器对比，LED 温度降低了 8.89 ℃。经过实验验证，4 个监测点的实际温度与仿真所得温度的平均误差为 4.0%，在允许范围内，验证了以上研究的正确性。所设计的散热器，可以很好地满足自然对流条件下 LED 的工作要求。
In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of LED, this paper designs a special LED cooling radiator with chimney structure based on the chimney effect principle. Build a 3D model from Solidworks and use its plug-in Flow Simulation to simulate the constructed model. The effects of different stack height, vent shape and size on the cooling effect of chimney effect were studied. The research shows that the chimney effect effectively improves the convective heat dissipation performance of the radiator. When the chimney height is 50 mm, the vent equivalent diameter is 8 mm and the vent shape is trapezoidal, the highest temperature of LED is 61.60 ℃, which is 6.54 ℃ lower than that before optimization. Compared with the traditional radiator, LED temperature decreased by 8.89 ℃. The experimental verification shows that the average error between the actual temperature of the four monitoring points and the simulation temperature is 4.0%, and within the allowable range, the correctness of the above research is verified. The design of the radiator, can well meet the natural convection conditions LED work requirements.