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铜是植物必需的矿质营养元素,在柑橘生长发育过程中起着重要作用。国内外长期广泛应用铜制杀菌剂防治溃疡病、炭疽病等,致使果园土壤积累了过量铜,甚至部分柑橘园树体出现铜中毒现象。另一方面,我国柑橘产区背景土壤有效铜含量较低,不使用或很少使用铜制剂的果园树体又易出现缺铜现象。铜胁迫会影响柑橘树体正常生理代谢,导致果实品质、产量下降。就此,本文对柑橘铜胁迫现状、铜胁迫对柑橘生长发育、新陈代谢的影响、铜胁迫抗性机制等进行了综述,并对柑橘铜胁迫的影响因子、柑橘砧木对铜胁迫的耐性差异,以及铜胁迫防治措施进行了概括,旨在为铜胁迫有关研究以及生产实践提供参考。
Copper is an essential mineral nutrient for plants and plays an important role in citrus growth and development. Long-term widespread use of copper fungicides at home and abroad to prevent ulcer disease, anthracnose, etc., resulting in the accumulation of excessive orchard soil copper, and even part of the citrus orchard tree copper poisoning. On the other hand, the content of available copper in soils of citrus producing areas in China is relatively low, and the orchards of orchards that are not used or seldom used copper preparations are prone to copper deficiency. Copper stress will affect the normal physiological metabolism of citrus trees, leading to the decline of fruit quality and yield. In this connection, the current status of copper stress in citrus, the effects of copper stress on the growth and metabolism of citrus, the mechanism of copper stress resistance were reviewed. The effects of citrus stress, the tolerance of citrus rootstock to copper stress, The stress control measures were summarized in order to provide reference for the research on copper stress and the production practice.