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目的了解2011-2012年济南市居民主要死因及对其居民寿命损失的影响,为疾病的预防与控制提供决策依据。方法通过死亡率、去死因期望寿命、潜在减寿年数等指标分析居民死亡和减寿的主要原因。结果 2011-2012年济南市居民死亡率为663.51/10万,标化死亡率为465.48/10万。前5位死因顺次为心脏病、恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病和伤害。平均期望寿命为76.84岁,对居民期望寿命的损失以心脏病和恶性肿瘤最严重,去除这2种死因,居民期望寿命可分别增加2.64和2.16岁。全死因标化PYLL为207 163年,标化PYLL率为36.99‰,标化WPYLL为157 734年,标化WPYLL率为29.24‰。前3位标化PYLL率和标化WPYLL率均为伤害、恶性肿瘤、心脏病。结论应采取有效措施,早期防治心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤等慢性病,并减少伤害事件的发生。
Objective To understand the main causes of death and the loss of life expectancy of residents in Jinan City from 2011 to 2012 so as to provide decision-making basis for disease prevention and control. Methods The main causes of death and longevity of residents were analyzed through the indicators of mortality, life expectancy due to death, years of potential life lost. Results In 2011-2012, the death rate of residents in Jinan City was 663.51 / 100,000 and the standardized death rate was 465.48 / 100,000. The top 5 causes of death were heart disease, cancer, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory diseases and injuries. The average life expectancy is 76.84 years. The loss of life expectancy of residents is the most serious of heart diseases and malignant tumors. The two causes of death are removed, and residents’ life expectancy can increase by 2.64 and 2.16 years respectively. The standardized PYLL for all causes of death was 207-163 years, the standardized PYLL rate was 36.99 ‰, the standardized WPYLL was 157 734 years, and the standardized WPYLL rate was 29.24 ‰. The first 3 normalized PYLL rates and the normalized WPYLL rates were all injuries, malignancies and heart diseases. Conclusion Effective measures should be taken to prevent and treat chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumors early and to reduce the incidence of injuries.