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目的评价延边地区小学生碘缺乏病防治效果。方法随机抽样检查小学3年级学生的甲状腺、尿碘并调查食用碘盐情况和智商。结果统计学分析显示,小学生甲状腺肿大率由1994年的17.56%降至2004年的5.56%;尿碘中位数由1994年的33.68μg/L增至2004年的255.00μg/L;盐碘监测合格率和覆盖率逐年上升,2004年分别达到95.30%和99.12%。另外,2004年与2000年相比智商优秀比例增加,智力低下者明显减少。结论几年来延边地区儿童碘缺乏病防治效果显著,儿童甲状腺肿大率、碘盐、尿碘等三项指标接近和达到国家消除碘缺乏病目标。
Objective To evaluate the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders in primary school students in Yanbian. Methods Randomly sampled thyroid and urinary iodine from third grade pupils of primary school and investigated iodized salt and IQ. Results Statistical analysis showed that the primary goiter rate dropped from 17.56% in 1994 to 5.56% in 2004; the median urinary iodine increased from 33.68μg / L in 1994 to 255.00μg / L in 2004; Monitoring pass rate and coverage increased year by year, reaching 95.30% and 99.12% respectively in 2004. In addition, the proportion of outstanding IQs increased in 2004 compared with 2000, and mental retardation decreased significantly. Conclusions In recent years, the prevention and treatment of iodine deficiency disorders in children in Yanbian area has been remarkably effective. Three indicators of goiter, iodized salt and urinary iodine in children reach the goal of eliminating iodine deficiency disorders in our country.