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为探讨干旱区农业节水的途径,以棉花为供试作物,采用2种不同的灌水方式,研究了干旱区分根交替膜下滴灌对棉花生长和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明,在大田条件下,交替滴灌与常规滴灌的光合速率相比差异未达到显著水平,棉花株高在交替滴灌处理下均大于常规滴灌处理,而交替滴灌处理下蒸腾速率在整个生育期均低于常规滴灌处理。交替滴灌使棉花根系经受一定程度的水分胁迫锻炼,从而刺激根系的生长发育,因此交替滴灌对棉花根系生长有显著促进作用。相比常规滴灌,交替滴灌抑制了棉花蒸腾速率,即交替滴灌通过减少棵间蒸发和作物蒸腾耗水来提高了棉花的水分利用效率。同等产量水平下与常规滴灌相比,干旱区棉花交替滴灌可节省20.3%的灌水量,节水效果明显。
In order to discuss the ways of water saving in agriculture in arid area, cotton was used as the tested crop and two different irrigation methods were used to study the effects of sub-rooted alternate drip irrigation on the growth and water use efficiency of cotton. The results showed that there was no significant difference in photosynthetic rate between alternate drip irrigation and conventional drip irrigation under field conditions. The cotton plant height was greater than that of conventional drip irrigation under alternate drip irrigation, while the transpiration rate under alternate drip irrigation was lower Lower than conventional drip irrigation treatment. Alternate drip irrigation allowed the cotton roots to undergo a certain degree of water stress training, thus stimulating the growth and development of the root system. Therefore, alternating drip irrigation significantly promoted cotton root growth. Compared with conventional drip irrigation, alternate drip irrigation inhibited the transpiration rate of cotton, that is, alternating drip irrigation increased the water use efficiency of cotton by reducing inter-evapotranspiration and crop transpiration water consumption. Compared with conventional drip irrigation at the same yield level, alternating drip irrigation of cotton in arid area can save 20.3% of irrigation volume, and water-saving effect is obvious.