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人的问题既是一个古老而常新的问题,也是一个社会的最基本问题。早在古希腊时期,古希腊的哲人们就已经认识到人类认识的目的就是“认识你自己”。人性论的提出是人类自觉到自我存在的抽象化产物。有什么样的人性论,就有什么样的自我发展,自我约束的理论。孟德斯鸠说过:“一切有权力的人都容易滥用权力,这是万古不易的一条经验。”它反映了西方政治文化对“人”的认识,以及由此引申出的对人类自我约束的强烈愿望与要求。中国学者林语堂对此有过一个形象而恰当的比喻:如果我们相信一个拥有权利的人都是高尚、善良的,那么就如同可以依靠汽车司机自发的谦恭有礼去调节纽约百老
The question of man is both an ancient and a new one as well as a most fundamental one in society. As early as in ancient Greece, the ancient Greek philosophers have realized that the purpose of human knowledge is “to know yourself”. The proposition of human nature is the abstract product of human self-awareness and self-existence. What kind of human nature, what kind of self-development, self-restraint theory. Montesquieu said: “All people who have power abuse power easily. This is an old form of experience.” It reflects the western political culture’s awareness of “people ” and the consequential Strong desire and demand for human self-restraint. Lin Yu-tang, a Chinese scholar, has a figurative and appropriate analogy: If we believe that a person who owns a right is noble and kind, then we can rely on the car driver’s spontaneous courtesy to regulate New York hundred