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目的了解西藏自治区拉萨市农村藏族婴幼儿母亲喂养知识和行为,为指导婴幼儿科学喂养提供依据。方法采用自行设计调查表对抽取的拉萨市城关区3个农业乡共386名藏族0～24月龄婴幼儿母亲的喂养知识和行为进行调查。结果 386名农村藏族婴幼儿母亲的母乳喂养率为88.6%;从出生至4月龄,>80%婴幼儿主要添加的辅食为糌粑糊;至6月龄时,>60%婴幼儿添加的主要辅食为酥油茶,鸡蛋、肉类、蔬菜和水果的添加比例<30%;至12月龄后,>50%的婴幼儿开始添加鸡蛋、肉类、蔬菜和水果,但肉类的添加仅60%左右;有关婴幼儿喂养知识的7个问题中,除哺乳时两侧乳房应经常更换的回答正确率为85.9%外,其他6个问题的回答正确率均<50%;在婴幼儿日常照料行为的2个问题中,61.9%的母亲能够经常带孩子晒太阳,77.2%的孩子外表看起来干净。结论拉萨市农村地区婴幼儿母亲喂养知识普遍欠缺,辅食添加不合理。
Objective To understand the feeding knowledge and behaviors of Tibetan maternal and infant mothers in rural Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, and to provide scientific basis for their guidance. Methods Self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate the feeding knowledge and behaviors of 386 Tibetan mothers aged 0-24 months from 3 agricultural townships in Chengguan District of Lhasa City. Results The breastfeeding rate of 386 rural Tibetan mothers was 88.6%. From birth to 4 months of age,> 80% of babies and toddlers were mainly supplemented with paste. As of 6 months old,> 60% The main food supplement is butter tea, eggs, meat, vegetables and fruits added to the proportion of <30%; to 12 months of age,> 50% of infants and young children began to add eggs, meat, vegetables and fruits, but only 60 % Of the seven questions about infant and young child feeding knowledge, in addition to nursing breasts breasts should always be replaced when the correct rate was 85.9%, the other six questions answered the correct rate of <50%; in the daily care of infants and young children Of the two questions on behavior, 61.9% of mothers regularly take their children to the sun and 77.2% of children look clean. Conclusion The feeding knowledge of infants and mothers in rural areas of Lhasa is generally deficient and the supplementary food supplement is not reasonable.