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佛教造像的雕刻、塑绘,都有佛教典籍作为依据,包含了很多时代信息。特别是其上所雕刻的各类佛教用具(以下简称佛具),不仅是佛教造像的重要组成部分,也是当时礼佛仪式的模拟。这些佛具有些是对现实中使用的各类佛具的模拟,有些则是对佛经内容的抽象加工。对于佛教造像上的佛具的造型、年代等问题进行论述,不仅可以帮助认识零散出土的一些佛具的功能和使用方式,更能从这些佛具判断造像的年代、性质、命名等,并为进一步深人研究提供重要的旁证。本文所言的佛具,是对各类佛教用具的统称,包括佛、菩萨和比丘等的手持物、各类供养具等。关于佛具的研究,日本学者加岛胜曾经对陕西麟游慈善寺石窟中造像中的手持物
Buddhist statues of sculpture, plastic sculpture, there are Buddhist books as a basis, contains many times information. In particular, the various types of Buddhist utensils (hereinafter referred to as “Buddhist utensils”) carved on them are not only an important part of Buddhist statues but also a simulation of ceremony ceremonies at that time. Some of these Buddhism models are simulations of various types of Buddhism used in reality, while others are abstract processing of Buddhist scriptures. To discuss the shape, age and other issues of Buddha statues on Buddhist statues can not only help to understand the function and usage of some Buddha statues unearthed, but also to judge the age, nature and naming of statues from these statues. Further in-depth study provides important evidence. This article refers to the Buddha, is a generic term for all types of Buddhist tools, including Buddha, Buddha and Bhikkhu and other hand-held, all kinds of support tools. On the Buddha’s study, Japanese scholar Jia Shisheng once on the Shaanxi Linyou Charity Temple caves in the statues of hand-held