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目的分析团体无偿献血人群发生不良反应的相关影响因素,为制定针对性的预防措施及提升献血服务的质量提供科学依据。方法以2015年东莞市参加团体无偿献血的15 898名志愿者中发生不良反应的228位献血者为研究对象,回顾性分析不同诱因、年龄、性别、职业、献血频次、季节气候等因素与不良反应发生率的相关性。结果无偿献血中发生献血不良反应的主要原因为精神紧张(占62.28%);年轻献血者(18~25岁年龄段)、高校学生、首次献血者的不良反应发生率明显比其他献血者高;夏、冬季节献血反应率较春、秋季节高;献血反应主要发生在采血过程中。结论献血不良反应与献血者年龄、职业、献血经历及所处的气候环境等多种因素密切相关。我们应加强献血相关知识的宣传与普及,建立年轻、固定的无偿献血队伍,提升献血服务质量。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors of adverse reactions in the group of unpaid blood donors and to provide scientific basis for making targeted preventive measures and improving the quality of blood donation services. Methods A total of 228 blood donors who had adverse reactions in 15 898 volunteers who participated in voluntary blood donation in Dongguan in 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Factors such as age, sex, occupation, blood donation frequency, seasonal climate and other factors were retrospectively analyzed Correlation of incidence of reactions. Results The main cause of adverse blood donation occurred in unpaid blood donation was mental stress (62.28%). The incidence of adverse reactions in young blood donors (18-25 years old), college students and first blood donors was significantly higher than that of other blood donors. The blood donation response rate in summer and winter was higher than that in spring and autumn. The blood donation reaction mainly occurred in the process of blood collection. Conclusion Adverse reactions to blood donation are closely related to many factors such as blood donors’ age, occupation, blood donation experience and climate environment. We should step up publicity and popularization of knowledge related to blood donation, establish a young and fixed blood donation team and improve the quality of blood donation services.