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目的研究某纱线厂接触职业性噪声的作业人员随访4年前后纯音听力等的变化。方法采用整群调查的方法,检测某纱线厂接触职业性噪声的320名作业人员的双耳纯音听力、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、血常规、尿常规、血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、心电图。结果 270名作业人员完成4年随访,随访前听力异常组的工龄、年龄和舒张压明显高于听力正常组(P<0.05)。随访后听力异常的例数比随访前明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。经Spearman相关分析,随访前噪声对听力的损伤与工龄(r=0.208,P<0.01)、年龄(r=0.164,P<0.01)、舒张压(r=0.157,P<0.05)呈正相关,线性逐步回归显示工龄是作业人员听力损伤的独立危险因素。结论接触职业性噪声的作业人员,听力损伤者的工龄、年龄和舒张压明显增高,随着接触噪声工龄的增加,作业人员听力损失的人数明显增加,工龄延长是引起职业性听力损伤的重要危险因素。
Objective To study the changes of pure tone and hearing ability of workers in a yarn factory who had been exposed to occupational noise 4 years ago. Methods The method of cluster investigation was used to detect binaural pure tone hearing, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), blood routine, urinary routine, serum alane in 320 workers exposed to occupational noise in a yarn factory. Acid aminotransferase (ALT), electrocardiogram. Results 270 workers were followed up for 4 years. The length of service, age and diastolic blood pressure of the hearing-impaired group before the follow-up were significantly higher than those of the normal hearing group (P <0.05). The number of hearing abnormalities after follow-up was significantly higher than that before follow-up (P <0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the noise-induced hearing impairment was positively correlated with length of service (r = 0.208, P <0.01), age (r = 0.164, P <0.01) and diastolic pressure (r = 0.157, Stepwise regression showed that seniority was an independent risk factor for hearing loss of workers. Conclusion The working age, age and diastolic blood pressure of workers exposed to occupational noise are significantly increased. As the working age of contact noise increases, the number of hearing loss of workers increases significantly. The longer service life is an important risk of occupational hearing impairment factor.