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目的了解江苏省常州市婴幼儿母乳喂养现状及影响因素。方法采用现况研究方法 ,自常州市所属的城市、乡镇及农村各随机抽取1个现场,以2006年1月1日至2008年12月31日出生的6 240名婴幼儿父母为调查对象进行面对面访谈,采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析喂养方式的影响因素,估计OR值及其95%CI。结果母乳喂养占50.64%,混合喂养占38.62%,人工喂养占10.74%,纯母乳喂养时间达到4个月或6个月的分别占56.4%与29.3%;调整混杂因素后,经无序多分类多因素Logistic回归模型拟合后发现,新生儿出生地域为乡镇和农村、母亲文化程度为大学以上、家庭子女数为多孩、母亲年龄为25~35岁、新生儿早产、分娩地点为乡镇卫生院等因素与混合喂养有关(P<0.05);新生儿出生地域为乡镇和农村、母亲文化程度为高中以上、家庭子女数为多孩、母亲年龄>33岁、新生儿早产、分娩地点为乡镇卫生院及其他等因素与人工喂养有关(P<0.05)。结论常州市婴幼儿母乳喂养率仍处于较低水平,6个月纯母乳喂养率明显降低,喂养方式主要与新生儿出生地域、母亲文化程度、母亲年龄、新生儿早产及家庭子女数等因素有关。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of infant breastfeeding in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. Methods Based on the current research methods, a total of 6 240 infants and young children born from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008 were randomly selected from each of the cities, townships and rural areas in Changzhou City for face-to-face Interviews, the use of disorderly multi-class Logistic regression analysis of factors affecting feeding patterns, estimated OR value and 95% CI. Results Breastfeeding accounted for 50.64%, mixed feeding accounted for 38.62%, artificial feeding accounted for 10.74%, exclusive breastfeeding for 4 months or 6 months accounted for 56.4% and 29.3% respectively; after adjusting for confounding factors, Multivariate logistic regression model fitting found that newborns were born in townships and rural areas, the mother’s educational level is above the university, the number of children in the family is more children, the mother is 25 to 35 years of age, the newborn premature birth, place of delivery for the township health Hospital and other factors related to mixed feeding (P <0.05); newborns were born in the township and rural areas, the mother’s education level is above high school, the number of children in the family is more children, the mother is 33 years old, the newborn premature birth, Hospital and other factors related to artificial feeding (P <0.05). Conclusion The breastfeeding rate of infants and young children in Changzhou City is still at a relatively low level. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in 6 months is significantly lower than that of normal infants. The mode of feeding is mainly related to such factors as the birth area, mother’s educational level, mother’s age, newborn’s preterm birth and children .