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目的:了解我国优秀业余拳击运动员运动创伤发病情况,探讨预防措施。方法:2006年5月至2006年9月,采用问卷对在国家拳击队集训的30名男子拳击运动员进行回顾性调查并进行临床检查。结果:共查出运动创伤37种,其中发病率居前6位的是:胸椎小关节紊乱27例,发病率为90%;颈椎小关节紊乱25例(83.3%);腰椎小关节紊乱24例(80%);踝关节内翻扭伤22例(73.3%);眉弓或眼睑裂伤18例(60%);颈部软组织损伤18例(60%)。创伤发生部位前5位的是:腰背部损伤71人次;头面部损伤52人次;掌腕部损伤46人次;颈部损伤43人次;小腿、踝、足部损伤24人次。建议:采取加强小关节肌肉力量训练、增强技战术水平、增加本体感觉训练、合理使用护具、及时处理急性期创伤等措施预防这些损伤的发生。
Objective: To understand the incidence of sports injuries in elite amateur boxers in China and to explore preventive measures. METHODS: From May 2006 to September 2006, 30 male boxers trained in the national boxing team were retrospectively reviewed and clinically examined using questionnaires. Results: A total of 37 kinds of traumatic injuries were detected. Among them, the top 6 incidences were: 27 cases of thoracic facet joint disorder, the incidence rate was 90%; 25 cases of cervical facet joint disorder (83.3%); 24 cases of lumbar facet joint disorder (80%); ankle varus sprain in 22 cases (73.3%); eyebrows or eyelid laceration in 18 cases (60%); neck soft tissue injury in 18 cases (60%). Trauma occurred in the top 5 are: lower back injury 71 people; head and face injuries 52 people; hand wrist injuries 46 people; neck injuries 43 people; calf, ankle, foot injury 24 people. Recommendations: To strengthen the joint strength of the muscles training, enhance the level of technical and tactical, increased body sensory training, the rational use of protective gear, timely treatment of acute trauma and other measures to prevent the occurrence of these injuries.