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福柯通过知识考古学发现,疯癫在文艺复兴时代就逐渐收敛了自身暴烈的狂力,最终成为理性的一个组成部分。但是在以笛卡尔的理性主义为哲学基础的欧洲古典时期,疯癫不再是理性的对等和补充,而只是与卑贱的身体相联系的非理性,是一个理性分析和管理的纯粹客体。在理性的注视下,疯癫呈现出三种面孔:谵妄的激情,无所事事的邪恶,狂躁的兽性。所以必须将疯癫隔离出现实的世界,在禁闭所中用各种手段让疯癫脱离其纯粹的主观状态而回到现世中,回到存在的坚实真理上来。
Foucault through the knowledge of archeology found that madness in the Renaissance gradually converged its violent madness, eventually becoming an integral part of reason. However, in the classical European period based on Cartesian rationalism, madness is no longer the reciprocal and complementary rationality of reason, but only the irrationality associated with the humble body and the pure object of rational analysis and management. Under the rational gaze, the madness presents three kinds of faces: the passion of delirium, the evil of doing nothing, the manic nature of manic. Therefore, it is necessary to separate madness from the real world, to use various means in the confinement to bring madness out of its purely subjective state and to return to the world and return to the solid truth of existence.