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本文通过对嘉兴服装业的田野调查,发现当地存在两种类型的工人自组织——合作生产队和包工头管理的队伍。合作生产队是由本地技术熟练的女工发起的互助生产组织,这种组织使得工人获得更高的工资和更多的工作自主性。包工头管理的队伍则多是由外来农民工构成,存在等级制。这两种组织在内部权力结构、组织信念以及维护工人权益的作用方面存在差异。笔者认为籍贯、技术水平、性别等因素相互作用,使得不同的工人形成了不同的自组织,获得了不同的议价能力。
This article through the Jiaxing garment industry field survey found that there are two types of local workers self-organization - co-production team and contractor management team. The cooperative production team is a mutual-aid production organization sponsored by locally skilled women workers, which gives workers higher wages and greater job autonomy. Contractors foreman management team is mostly composed of migrant workers, there is hierarchy. There is a difference between the two organizations in terms of internal power structure, organizational beliefs and the role of workers’ rights. I believe that the native place, technical level, gender and other factors interact, making different workers formed a different self-organization, access to different bargaining power.