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An approach of limit state equation for surrounding rock was put forward based on deformation criterion. A method of symmetrical sampling of basic random variables adopted by classical response surface method was mended, and peak value and deflection degree of basic random variables distribution curve were took into account in the mended sampling method. A calculation way of probability moment, based on mended Rosenbluth method, suitable for non-explicit performance function was put forward.The first, second, third and fourth order moments of functional function value were calculated by mended Rosenbluth method through the first, second, third and fourth order moments of basic random variable. A probability density the function(PDF) of functional function was deduced through its first, second, third and fourth moments, the PDF in the new method took the place of the method of quadratic polynomial to approximate real functional function and reliability probability was calculated through integral by the PDF for random variable of functional function value in the new method. The result shows that the improved response surface method can adapt to various statistic distribution types of basic random variables, its calculation process is legible and need not iterative circulation. In addition, a stability probability of surrounding rock for a tunnel was calculated by the improved method,whose workload is only 30% of classical method and its accuracy is comparative.