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目的:了解开设健康教育课对小学生的卫生知识和卫生行为的影响。方法:采取整群随机抽样方法,抽取永定县7所农村小学,采用相同学校和相同问卷,分别对健康教育课开设前(基线调查)、后(效果评估)和因学生减负而停止设课5年后(现状调查),五年级学生的卫生知识和卫生行为进行调查。结果:卫生知识平均知晓率开设健康教育课前后分别为60.10%和88.32%,停课5年后为73.69%;卫生行为形成率开设健康教育课前后分别为72.18%和87.23%,停课5年后为75.91%,差异有统计学意义。结论:开设健康教育课明显提高了学生的卫生知识知晓率和卫生行为形成率;学生减负而停课,明显影响了学生的卫生知识知晓程度和卫生行为的形成。为提高人口健康素质服务,设置健康教育课对提高学生的卫生知识水平和卫生行为的形成十分重要,建议有关部门引起重视。
Objective: To understand the impact of health education classes on health knowledge and hygiene behaviors among primary school students. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 7 rural primary schools in Yongding County. The same school and the same questionnaire were used to set up pre-baseline (baseline survey) and post-evaluation (effect evaluation) Years later (status quo survey), fifth grade students’ health knowledge and health behaviors were investigated. Results: The average awareness rate of health knowledge was 60.10% and 88.32% respectively before and after the health education class was released, and 73.69% after 5 years of suspension. The health behavior formation rate was 72.18% and 87.23% respectively before and after the health education class was established. 75.91%, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: The establishment of health education class significantly improved students’ awareness of hygiene knowledge and the formation of hygiene behaviors. Students’ burden reduction and suspension of classes significantly affected students’ knowledge of health knowledge and the formation of health behaviors. To improve the quality of population health services, the establishment of health education classes to improve the health level of students and the formation of health behavior is very important, it is recommended that the relevant departments pay attention.