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工会十一大以来,特别是党的十三届四中全会以来,工会组织的社会职能、工作方针和领导体制等重大原则问题进一步明确起来。党对工会领导的加强和改善,全心全意依靠工人阶级的指导方针的贯彻执行,加之工会自身建设和改革的深化,使工会工作有了长足的进步。主要表现在:工会的社会地位和社会作用、社会影响日益明显;工会同职工群众的关系越来越密切;工会对国家和社会生活的民主参与程度不断提高;工会在推进建设和改革中发挥着越来越大的作用。这些都是工会运动发展的主流,是社会公认的基本事实。我们在承认这些基本事实的同时,在工会运动的实践中,也确实遇到一些难解的问题。一是维护职工具体利益难。在维护全国人民总体利益的同时,更好地表达和维护职工群众的具体利益,是我们工会的首要社会职能,这是工会存在的客观基础,也是密切工会同群众血肉联系的重要前提。但是,工会履行这项职能难度最大。从历史上看,建国以来工会遭遇的几次大的挫折,都是在这个问题上。从现实生活看,当职工的民主权利或经济利益受到侵害时,工会都必须维护,但常常遇到阻力。这些阻力有的来自企事业领导者,有的来自企事业的主管部门。这样就减弱或者排斥了工会的维护职能的作用。所以工会维护职工具体利益,费力很大,收效甚微。
Since the 11th CPC National Congress, especially since the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th CPC Central Committee, the major principles of the trade union organization such as its social functions, working principles and leadership system have been further clarified. The strengthening and improvement of the party’s leadership over trade unions and the implementation of the guidelines of the working class wholeheartedly, coupled with the self-construction and deepening of the reforms, make great strides in the work of trade unions. Mainly manifested in: the social status and social role of trade unions, the social impact of increasingly obvious; trade unions with workers more and more close; the union’s participation in the democratic participation of state and social life continues to improve; trade unions play in promoting the construction and reform Increasing role. All these are the mainstream of the development of the trade union movement and are the basic fact recognized by the society. While acknowledging these basic facts, we have indeed encountered some difficult problems in the practice of the trade union movement. First, safeguard the specific interests of workers difficult. While safeguarding the overall interests of the people throughout the country, it is the primary social function of our trade unions to better express and safeguard the specific interests of the workers and the masses. This is an objective basis for the existence of trade unions and an important precondition for close trade union relations with the flesh and blood of the people. However, it is harder for trade unions to perform this function. Historically, several major setbacks suffered by trade unions since the founding of the People’s Republic are based on this issue. In real life, when the workers’ democratic rights or economic interests are infringed upon, the unions must safeguard themselves but often encounter resistance. Some of these resistance comes from business leaders, some from the competent authorities. This weakens or excludes the role of the union’s maintenance function. Therefore, the trade unions to safeguard the specific interests of workers, laborious, with little success.