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Endometritis is an inflammatory disease of the endometrium,which is responsible for endometrial dysfunction,decidualization failure,and increased incidence of early pregnancy loss.SCM-198,a synthetic form of leonurine,is well known to possess anti-inflammatory effects.SCM-198 has been reported to display beneficial effects on endometritis.However,the specific mechanisms of SCM-198 in preventing endometritis remain unknown.In this study,we focused on the molec-ular mechanism of SCM-198 in inhibiting endometritis.The anti-inflammatory effects and the related signaling pathways of SCM-198 were studied in vitro using human endometrial stro-mal cells(hESCs).Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis results demonstrated that SCM-198 markedly inhibited lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced endome-trial inflammatory response by suppressing the LPS-JNK-cJUN/cFOS-TLR4-NF-κB pathway.The preventive and therapeutic effects of SCM-198 on endometrial inflammation were explored by using a mouse model of LPS-induced endometritis.SCM-198 produced essentially the same effects when administered either post-treatment(after LPS)or pre-treatment(before LPS)via vaginal or intraperitoneal administration.In vivo results indicated that SCM-198 is a potential effective drug for the treatment of endometritis.