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美国科学技术的发展历来为世人所瞩目,尽管目前它在国际竞争方面面临严峻挑战,但其在科技领域仍雄居群首,独树一帜。科学技术发展的最根本环节是基础研究,美国科学技术领先地位的确立在很大程度上有赖于基础研究的发展。在第二次世界大战结束后,美国就基本上确定了重视基础研究的基调。在战后美国科技政策的经典名著《科学:无止境的疆域》中,当时的科学研究与发展办公室主任范内瓦尔·布什明确指出:“一个国家如果依赖
The development of science and technology in the United States has always been the world's attention. Although it faces serious challenges in international competition, it still ranks first in the field of science and technology and is unique. The most fundamental aspect of the development of science and technology is basic research. The establishment of the leading position of science and technology in the United States depends to a large extent on the development of basic research. After the end of World War II, the United States basically set the tone for attaching importance to basic research. In the classic science of science and technology policy of the postwar US, ”Science: Endless Frontiers,“ Van Nesswal Bush, then director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, clearly pointed out: ”If a country depends on