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中国陆上含天然气盆地主要有克拉通盆地、前陆盆地、陆内裂谷(断陷—拗陷)盆地和走滑(拉分)盆地。发育煤层、陆相暗色泥岩、海相暗色泥岩和海相碳酸盐岩4类气源岩;储层主要为碎屑岩、碳酸盐岩和火山岩储层,以中—低孔渗为主;天然气藏类型多样,主要发育构造气藏、构造—岩性气藏、地层—岩性气藏和裂缝性气藏4种类型。不同类型盆地大气田形成的主控因素不同,如克拉通盆地大气田主要受古隆起、台缘礁滩、大型缓坡等因素控制。中国陆上已形成鄂尔多斯、塔里木、川渝、柴达木及东部5大气区,天然气田(藏)从前寒武系、古生界、中生界至新生界均有分布;从盆地类型看,以克拉通盆地和前陆盆地资源最为丰富。天然气下一步勘探重点领域较多,在克拉通盆地、前陆盆地及裂谷盆地(松辽盆地深层),评价有利勘探区带(块)33个,勘探面积为84.6×104km2,资源潜力近50.9×1012 m3,体现了广阔的勘探前景;天然气勘探接替领域主要有生物气、煤层气和页岩气等,在中国勘探潜力较大,是未来勘探的重点。
China’s onshore natural gas basins are mainly cratonic basins, foreland basins, intracontinental rift (rift-depression) basins and strike-slip (rift) basins. Developed coal seam, continental dark mudstone, marine mudstone of dark mudstone and marine carbonate rock. The reservoirs are mainly clastic rocks, carbonate rocks and volcanic reservoirs with medium-low permeability There are four types of natural gas reservoirs, including structural gas reservoirs, structural-lithologic gas reservoirs, stratigraphic-lithologic gas reservoirs and fractured gas reservoirs. The main controlling factors for the formation of large gas fields in different types of basins are different. For example, the gas field in the cratonic basin is mainly controlled by paleo-uplift, offshore reefs and large-scale gentle slopes. The Ordos, Tarim, Sichuan-Chongqing, Qaidam and eastern 5 atmospheric zones have been formed on land in China. The natural gas fields (reservoirs) are distributed from the Precambrian, Paleozoic and Mesozoic to Cenozoic. According to the types of basins, The cratonic basin and the foreland basin have the most abundant resources. There are more key exploration areas for natural gas. In the cratonic basin, foreland basin and rift basin (deep in Songliao Basin), 33 favorable exploration zones (blocks) are evaluated with an exploration area of 84.6 × 104km2 and a resource potential of nearly 50.9 × 1012 m3, reflecting a broad prospect of exploration. There are mainly biogas, CBM and shale gas in the field of natural gas exploration succession, which has great exploration potential in China and is the focus of exploration in the future.