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Rice appearance trait is mainly mean grain length (GL), grain width (GW), ratio of length and width (L/W), chalkiness (CH) and transparence (TR). Appearance is the f irst impression, and rice appearance traits effect signifi cantly the value of commodity. Hybrid rice is relatively low quality, especially on rice appearance quality, which restricts partially its extend and badly export of hybrid seed and rice in China. Shanyou 63, the most famous hybrid rice combination of China, could not be also sustainable application because of its poor qualities. In this studies, We attempt to improve appearance quality of the elite rice maintainer of Zhenshan 97B by using molecular approach of genomic interval targeted introgression. Three F 2 populations were constructed to study the classical and molecular genetic of rice appearance traits, at the same time, molecular marker-asisted toimprove the main maintainer line, Zhenshan 97B were performed. There some following results: Three F 2 populations were constructed based on crosses of Guangluai 4×Jiafuzhan (GJ popu.), Minghui 86× Jiafuzhan (MJ popu.) and Zhenshan 97B×Jiafuzhan (ZJ popu.). ZJ popu and GJ popu were produced to reconstruct the linkage maps related with rice appearance traits based on BSA, and detect QTL of target traits based on IM. In ZJ popu, 9 QTLs of target traits were detected. The interval, RM169~RM516 on Chromosome 5, was genetic locus of GW, L/W, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 10.9%, 14.9%, 12.0% and 14.2%, respectively. RM214 on chromosome 7, RM339 on chromosome 8 were genetic loci if CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.4%, 10.0%, 11.0% and 12.1%. besides there is a genetic locus, RM347, of G/W on chromosome 3, and the explained varance was 10.3%. In GJ popu, 5 QTLs of rice appearance traits were detected. The interval, RM169- RM516 on Chromosome 5, were also the genetic loci of GW, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.0%, 12.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. RM264~RM80 on chromosome 8 was the genetic loci of GW amd L/W, and the explained variances were 14.7% and 13.4%. The genotypes of all QTLs, except RM214, from Jiafuzhan contributed to improving rice appearance traits. The research was to improve the rice appearance quality of Zhenshan 97B by introgressing QTLs of rice ap- pearance traits from Jiafuzhan, a donor parent, by means of MAS in the process of recurrent backcrossing, 4 SSR markers were used to detect the target genotypes from donor parent, and 70 SSR primers to identify the genetic background of recurrent parent. Consequently, there were 19 target individuals in BC3, in which the mean value of GL, GW, L/W, CH and BW were 6.06±0.04mm, 2.50±0.02mm, 2.43±0.02, 29.5±2.7 and 29.4±2.7%, respectively, and the mean homologous degree (HD) to recurrent parent is up to 98.22%. Compared to Zhenshan 97B, GL, CH and BW decreased 0.17 mm, 34.9% and 34.5% respectively and however L/W increased 0.19. which accounted separately for 25.37%, 54.79%, 54.57% and 10.50% of thedifference of every trait between two parents. It is very luckly to fi nd a individual, 13BC 2 -3BC 3 line, whose GL, GW, G/W, CH and BW were 6.04 mm, 2.43 mm, 2.49, 2.5% and 2.5% separately, There is very important signifi cation for it to be used in hybrid rice breeding improving appearance traits. In the research, MAS effi ciency of 3 loci (with 4 markers ) was 5.68% and coincident degree was 73.08%.
Appearance is the f irst impression, and rice appearance traits is the average grain length (GL), grain width (GW), ratio of length and width (L / W), chalkiness (CH) and transparence effect signifi cantly the value of commodity. hybrid rice is relatively low quality, especially on rice appearance quality, which restricts partially its extend and badly export hybrid seed and rice in China. Shanyou 63, the most famous hybrid rice combination of China, could not be also sustainable application because of its poor qualities. In this studies, We attempt to improve appearance quality of the elite rice maintainer of Zhenshan 97B by using molecular approach of genomic interval targeted introgression. Three F 2 populations were constructed to study the classical and molecular genetic of rice appearance traits, at the same time, molecular marker-asisted toimprove the main maintainer line, Zhenshan 97B were performed. There some following results: Three F 2 populatio ns were constructed based on crosses of Guangluai 4 × Jiafuzhan (GJ popu.), Minghui 86 × Jiafuzhan (MJ popu.) and Zhenshan 97B × Jiafuzhan (ZJ popu.). ZJ popu and GJ popu were produced to reconstruct the linkage maps related with rice appearance traits based on BSA, and detect QTL of target traits based on IM. In ZJ popu, 9 QTLs of target traits were detected. The interval, RM169 ~ RM516 on Chromosome 5, was genetic locus of GW, L / W, RM214 on chromosome 7, RM339 on chromosome 8 were genetic loci if CH and BW, and the explained variances were 10%, 14.9%, 12.0% and 14.2%, respectively. , 11.0% and 12.1%. There is a genetic locus, RM347, of G / W on chromosome 3, and the explained varance was 10.3%. In GJ popu, 5 QTLs of rice appearance traits were detected. The interval, RM169- RM516 on Chromosome 5, were also the genetic loci of GW, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.0%, 12.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. RM264 ~ RM80 on c hromosome 8 was the genetic loci of GW amd L / W, and the explained variances were 14.7% and 13.4%. The genotypes of all QTLs, except RM214, from Jiafuzhan contributed to improving rice appearance traits. The research was to improve the rice appearance quality of Zhenshan 97B by introgressing QTLs of rice ap-pearance traits from Jiafuzhan, a donor parent, by means of MAS in the process of recurrent back crossrossing, 4 SSR markers were used to detect the target genotypes from donor parent, and 70 SSR primers to Of the 19 target individuals in BC3, in which the mean value of GL, GW, L / W, CH and BW were 6.06 ± 0.04 mm, 2.50 ± 0.02 mm, 2.43 ± 0.02, 29.5 ± 2.7 and 29.4 ± 2.7%, respectively, and the mean homologous degree (HD) to recurrent parent is up to 98.22%. Compared to Zhenshan 97B, GL, CH and BW decreased 0.17 mm, 34.9% and 34.5% respectively yet L / W increased 0.19. Which accounted separately for 25.37%, 54.79%, 54.57% an d 10.50% of the difference between every trait between two parents. It is very luck to fi nd a individual, 13BC 2 -3BC 3 line, whose GL, GW, G / W, CH and BW were 6.04 mm, 2.43 mm, 2.49, 2.5% and 2.5% separately, There is very important signifi cation for it to be used in hybrid rice breeding improving appearance traits. In the research, MAS effi ciency of 3 loci (with 4 markers) was 5.68% and coincident degree was 73.08% .