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目的分析2型糖尿病发生医院感染的原因及危险因素,为降低其发生率提供依据。方法利用病案资料,采用回顾分析方法对2011—2012年在117医院住院治疗的1 074例2型糖尿病患者,按照其是否发生医院感染及其相关因素进行分析。结果 1 074例2型糖尿病患者发生医院感染54例,发生率为5.03%。感染部位以呼吸道最多,占50.00%;其次为泌尿道、口腔和皮肤软组织,分别占25.93%、11.11%和11.11%。单因素分析显示,感染的相关因素为年龄、病程、住院时间、空腹血糖值、侵入性操作和糖尿病并发症等。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步显示,病程长(OR=1.93)、住院时间长(OR=2.57)、侵入性操作(OR=3.19)、空腹血糖值高(OR=3.42)是2型糖尿病发生医院感染的独立危险因素。结论缩短住院时间、控制血糖、严格执行无菌操作等可有效预防2型糖尿病发生医院感染。
Objective To analyze the causes and risk factors of nosocomial infections in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and provide the basis for reducing their incidence. Methods According to the medical record data, retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,074 patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in 117 hospitals from 2011 to 2012 according to their occurrence of nosocomial infection and its related factors. Results 1 074 cases of type 2 diabetes hospital infection occurred in 54 cases, the incidence was 5.03%. The most affected area was respiratory tract, accounting for 50.00%, followed by urinary tract, oral cavity and skin soft tissue, accounting for 25.93%, 11.11% and 11.11% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the related factors of infection were age, duration of disease, length of hospital stay, fasting blood glucose, invasive procedures and complications of diabetes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis further showed that hospitalization for type 2 diabetes was associated with long course of disease (OR = 1.93), long hospital stay (OR = 2.57), invasive procedure (OR = 3.19) and high fasting blood glucose (OR = 3.42) Of independent risk factors. Conclusion Shortening the hospital stay, controlling blood sugar, and strictly enforcing aseptic techniques can effectively prevent nosocomial infections in type 2 diabetes patients.