论文部分内容阅读
为什么我们又开始研究起地中海?有哪些新的观点拓展了我们不断革新的认识?这篇研究综述考察了诸多学科近来的研究成果,对目前的地中海研究提出了三个问题:我们研究的对象是什么,用什么样的方法来研究它,而研究的意义又是什么?通过概述佩里格林·霍登、尼古拉斯·珀塞尔、迈克尔·麦考密克、克里斯·威克姆以及大卫·阿布拉菲亚的著作,本文指出了地中海研究对象在生态、经济、社会、政治和文化层面上所存在的一般性问题。近来,彼得·伯克、克里斯蒂安·布龙贝热以及奥斯曼学家、艺术史学家和文学研究者提出了同时注重宏观和微观历史层面的研究方法,以便于我们来理解某地或某个区域的物质文化、信仰、心态以及社会实际状况,同时也理解其内部动力和外部联系等内容。本文研究结果最终指向三个方面:地中海内部变化与外部交流的结构和机制之间的关系、地中海与其之外“诸地中海”的比较,古往今来重塑前现代欧洲的过程中地中海与大西洋世界的关系。
Why did we start to study Mediterranean again? What new ideas have expanded our understanding of continuous innovation? This review summarizes the recent research findings of many disciplines and raises three questions for the current Mediterranean studies: The object of our study is What and what method to study it, and what is the significance of the study? By reviewing Periglin Holden, Nicolas Purcell, Michael McCormick, Chris Wickham and David · Abrafiya’s writings, this paper points out the general problems of the Mediterranean subjects at the ecological, economic, social, political and cultural levels. Recently, Peter Burke, Christian Brombeier, and Ottoman scientists, art historians and literary researchers have proposed research methods that focus both on the macro and micro levels of history, so that we can understand a certain area or a certain area The material culture, beliefs, mentality and social reality, but also understand its internal motivation and external relations and so on. The results of this paper point to three aspects: the relationship between the internal changes in the Mediterranean and the structure and mechanism of external exchanges, the comparison between the Mediterranean and other parts of the Mediterranean Sea, the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean in the past to remodel the pre-modern Europe Relationship.