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目的 观察免疫微环境调节性 T 细胞浸润程度对老年口腔鳞状细胞癌患者临床基线指标、病理学指标及预后指标的影响.方法 选择2014 年5 月~2016 年2 月间收治的128 例老年口腔鳞状细胞癌患者为研究对象, 采用免疫组化法测定其口腔癌组织中心、癌旁组织及正常组织的调节性 T 细胞的分布数目, 分析调节性T细胞浸润对患者临床基线指标(年龄、性别)、病理学指标(肿瘤分化等级、术后TNM分期、淋巴结转移)及预后指标(1 年生存期)的影响.结果 调节性T细胞大量分布于患者癌组织中心及癌旁组织, 且显著高于正常口腔组织(P ＜0. 05); 癌组织中心、癌旁组织的调节性 T 细胞浸润程度和浸润分数在不同病理TNM分期(T1-2和T3-4)、不同病理分级(1、 2 级和3、 4 级)、是否淋巴结转移(有和无)、 1 年生存期(生存和死亡)比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05).结论 免疫微环境调节性T细胞大量分布于老年口腔鳞状细胞癌患者癌组织中心及癌旁组织, 参与患者的免疫功能调节, 且其浸润程度与病理学指标及预后指标有相关性, 可作为口腔鳞状细胞癌患者病理学鉴定及预后判断的敏感指标之一.“,”Objective To investigate the correlation between regulatory T cell infiltration in tumor immunological microenvi-ronment and the clinicopathological features in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Methods 128 cases of elderly patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma from May 2014 to February 2016 were enrolled. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to ex-amine the distribution and number of regulatory T cells in the cancerous tissue, paracancerous tissue and the normal tissue. The corre-lation between regulatory T cells infiltration, tumor differentiation, TNM staging, lymph node metastasis and survival time were ana-lyzed. Results The regulatory T cells extensively distributed in the cancerous and paracancerous tissues. The number of the regula-tory T cells in cancerous and paracancerous tissues were significantly higher than that in the normal tissues (P＜0. 05). The distribu-tion and number of regulatory T cells were related with Pathological T staging, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and sur-vival time (P＜0. 05). Conclusion The immune microenvironmental regulatory T cells mainly distributed in cancerous and paracan-ceruos tissues and associate with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.