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A sample pretreatment microfluidic chip was described based on the principle of solid phase extraction and micro electro mechanical system technology.Oxidized porous silicon with the large surface area as the solid phase matrix for absorption of DNA from a biological sample can greatly improve the DNA yield.The factors that could affect the DNA yield were analyzed and the preparation technology and the experiment procedure were improved.The DNA purification process from the rat peripheral blood can be achieved and the DNA yield is 24 ng/(μL whole blood),which can reach the level of the commercial DNA purification kits.Furthermore,the DNA extracted from the whole blood can be amplified by polymerase chain reaction,which can achieve a high efficiency of the amplification.