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19世纪30、40年代,中俄恰克图边境贸易在几经波折后,呈现出平稳繁盛的景象。贸易量和贸易额持续攀升,吸引了大批中俄商民往来其间,中俄关系也随之缓和。以往学术界对这一时期中俄边贸给予了很高的评价,认为是恰克图边境贸易发展最兴盛的时期。但是,贸易量和贸易额并不是衡量经济和贸易的唯一手段,综合其他因素考虑,在贸易繁荣表象的背后,已经埋下了衰落的伏笔。文章就此展开论述,以期从另一视角探讨清代中期恰克图贸易的拐点及其成因,以及之后中俄关系发展变化的经济动因。
In the 1930s and 1940s, the cross-border trade between China and Russia in the Qatu-Chapul region showed a steady and prosperous scene after several twists and turns. The trade volume and the volume of trade continued to rise, attracting a large number of businessmen from China and Russia, and the relations between China and Russia also eased. In the past, academics gave a very high opinion on the Sino-Russian border trade during this period and regarded it as the most prosperous period for the development of border trade in Chkatu. However, trade volume and trade volume are not the only means of measuring economy and trade. Considering other factors, behind the appearance of trade prosperity, the foreshadowing of the decline has been laid. The essay discusses the turning point and the causes of the trade in the Chukhtu trade in the mid-Qing Dynasty and the economic motivation of the development of the Sino-Russian relations afterwards.