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目的:为临床开展前颅底外科提供前颅底筛板区及嗅凹的影像解剖学资料。方法:取50具成人头颅标本,行鼻窦冠状位及矢状位薄层CT扫描,重点观测前颅底筛板区域内筛顶板的形状、筛板的形状以及筛顶板与筛板的关系等。结果:筛顶板为一向内向后倾斜的骨板,测得筛顶板的左右径为:前部左10.68±2.52mm,右11.38±3.84mm;中部左9.86±3.84mm。右9.08±2.52mm;后部左11.18±4.66mm,右10.24±3.68mm。筛顶板的厚度平均为1.62±0.78mm。筛板的左右径为:前部左2.08±0.52mm,右1.96±0.44mm;中部左2.68±0.68mm,右2.64±0.68mm;后部左2.16±0.64mm,右2.24±0.56mm。筛顶板与筛板平移的占46％;而形成嗅凹的占54％。在形成嗅凹的资料中,前筛顶板与筛板之间形成的高度差的平均值为8.82mm,后筛顶板与筛板之间形成的高度差的平均值为2.84nma,前后嗅凹深度之间经T检验相差非常显著(P<0.01)。结论:了解筛顶板及筛板的影像解剖及嗅凹的形成对减少前颅底外科手术并发症的发生具有十分重要的意义。
OBJECTIVE: To provide image anatomy data of anterior skull base plate area and sniff concave for clinical development of anterior skull base surgery. Methods: Fifty adult skull specimens were taken for coronal and sagittal thin-slice CT scanning. The shape of sieve top plate, the shape of sieve plate and the relationship between sieve top plate and sieve plate were mainly observed. Results: The top of the sieve was a bone plate inclined inwardly and backwardly. The left and right diameters of the sieve top plate were measured as: left anterior 10.68 ± 2.52mm, right 11.38 ± 3.84mm; middle left 9.86 ± 3.84mm. Right 9.08 ± 2.52mm; rear left 11.18 ± 4.66mm, right 10.24 ± 3.68mm. The thickness of the sieve top plate averaged 1.62 ± 0.78 mm. Right and left sieve sieve diameter: front left 2.08 ± 0.52mm, right 1.96 ± 0.44mm; middle left 2.68 ± 0.68mm, right 2.64 ± 0.68mm; rear left 2.16 ± 0.64mm, right 2.24 ± 0.56mm. 46% of the translation of the top plate and sieve plate; and forming olfactory concave accounted for 54%. In the formation of sniffing concave material, the difference between the height of the front sieve top plate and the sieve plate is 8.82mm, the average height difference between the top sieve plate and sieve plate is 2.84nma, T test between the difference was significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: It is of great significance to understand the imaging anatomy of the top and the sieve plate and the formation of olfactory recess to reduce the incidence of complications of anterior skull base surgery.