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为了提高河套灌区盐碱地番茄移栽成活率,以番茄定植孔采用土封孔为对照,监测了沙封孔、不封孔株间和根际的土壤水分、土壤盐分、土壤温度及番茄幼苗的生长状况。结果表明,不同处理株间土壤水分、土壤盐分、土壤温度无显著差异。沙封孔、不封孔与土封孔相比,根际0～10cm土层土壤水分降低了11.73%和14.80%,≥10～20cm土层降低了9.60%和13.64%;根际5cm土层最高温度降低了1.2和3.6℃,日均温降低了1.6和2.2℃;根际0～10cm土层土壤盐分降低了19.11%和24.84%,≥10～20cm土层降低了11.48%和19.67%。沙封孔、不封孔番茄幼苗移栽成活率较土封孔提高了20.57%和19.40%。河套灌区盐碱地地膜覆盖栽培番茄,定植时采用沙封孔或不封孔,可降低根际土壤水分及土壤温度,阻碍盐分表聚于根际土壤,提高了番茄幼苗的移栽成活率,该研究为河套灌区盐碱地种植番茄提供指导。
In order to improve the survival rate of transplanting tomatoes in saline-alkali soil in Hetao irrigation area, the soil sealing holes were used as control to monitor the soil moisture, soil salt content, soil temperature and the growth of tomato seedlings situation. The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil moisture, soil salinity and soil temperature between different treatments. Compared with the soil sealing hole, the soil moisture in 0-10cm soil layer decreased by 11.73% and 14.80%, while the soil layer with ≥10-20cm soil layer decreased by 9.60% and 13.64%, while the soil layer with 5cm soil layer in the rhizosphere The maximum temperature decreased by 1.2 and 3.6 ℃, and the daily average temperature decreased by 1.6 and 2.2 ℃. The soil salinity decreased by 19.11% and 24.84% in 0-10 cm soil layer and decreased by 11.48% and 19.67% in ≥10-20 cm soil layer. Sand sealing hole, no sealing of tomato seedling transplanting survival rate increased 20.57% and 19.40% than the sealed hole. In Hetao irrigated area, tomato was mulched with plastic film mulching, sand sealing or non-sealing was used to reduce rhizosphere soil moisture and soil temperature, hindering salt table to gather in the rhizosphere so as to increase the transplanting survival rate of tomato seedlings. Provide guidance for planting tomato in saline soil of Hetao Irrigation District.