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求数字的平方根是自然科学经常要运算的方法。一般求平方根的方法,总是将口诀:“二十倍初商加次商,再乘次商……”反复地运用于运算过程,这种古老的典型算法,在运算过程中是很繁琐的,有改进的必要。在物理教材中已编入有效数字的内容,笔者深深地感到很有必要将近似计算的求平方根的理论和方法提出来教给学生。在有效数字计算方面所取数字的位数往往仅三位或四位数字,因此本文探讨的求数字N的平方根,当然N也以三位到四位为限度了。按一般开平方的方法,我们也是将N从个位数起,每两位分成一节,将数字N分节之后我们很容易地估计出它的二位数的初商。
Calculating the square root of a number is a method often used by the natural sciences. The general method of square root, the formula will always be: “20 times the initial business plus business, and then multiply the business ... ...” repeatedly applied to the calculation process, this ancient typical algorithm in the calculation process is very tedious There is a need for improvement. In physics textbooks have been incorporated into the contents of a valid number, I deeply felt the need to approximate the calculation of the square root of theory and methods proposed to teach students. The number of digits taken for efficient numerical calculations is often only three or four digits, so this article explores the square root of the number N, of course N is also three to four as a limit. As a general square method, we also divide N from single digits into two, divide one digit into two, then we can easily estimate its two-digit initial quotient after dividing the number by N.