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16世纪末,荷兰人安东尼·凡·列文虎克将显微镜首次用于观察细胞,从此,西医学一步一步走向微观,学科划分日益走向细化,最初的基础医学,进一步细化出系统、器官组织,细胞;临床医学细化二级学科(内科、外科、专科)、三级学科(消化科、血液科、心脏科、骨科等),甚至在三级分科之下又有更细的划分。不断细致的分科促进了医学事业的快速发展,也使医生越来越缺乏整体观念。随着医生们在专业化道路上越走越远,由此引发的问题也日益凸显。日前,第四军医大学原校长、中国工程院院士樊代明就提升医生整体观的迫切性等问题谈了自己的看法。
At the end of the 16th century, the Dutch Anthony van Leuvenfirst microscope for the observation of cells, since then, Western medicine step by step toward the micro, disciplinary division increasingly toward the refinement, the first basic medicine, to further refine the system, organ tissue , Cells; clinical medicine detailed two subjects (internal medicine, surgery, specialist), three subjects (gastroenterology, hematology, cardiology, orthopedics, etc.), even under the three subdivisions and a more detailed division. The constant and meticulous sub-division has promoted the rapid development of medical science and made doctors increasingly lack of holistic ideas. The problems that arise as doctors become more and more farther along the path of specialization are becoming increasingly prominent. Recently, the former president of the Fourth Military Medical University and Fan Dai-ming, a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, talked about his own views on the urgency of raising the overall outlook of doctors.