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目的了解影响黄南藏族自治州新生儿乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗首针(HepB1)及时接种的因素,探索提高农牧区新生儿HepB1及时接种率的方法。方法通过查阅文献、现场访问、入户调查、问卷调查等方式收集有关资料及信息。结果2004年黄南藏族自治州新生儿HepB1报告及时接种率为42.61%,其中在医院出生新生儿HepB1及时接种率为91.77%,在家出生新生儿HepB1及时接种率为19.58%;全州住院分娩率为31.90%;入户接种占51.06%;HepB1未及时接种原因主要是家长不知道,占39.66%。结论2004年全州新生儿HepB1及时接种率较低。今后要加大宣传和开展健康教育活动,掌握在家分娩孕妇的分娩信息和合理安排在家出生新生儿及时接种,是提高新生儿HepB1及时接种率的有效手段之一。
Objective To understand the factors that affect timely inoculation of HepB1 in neonates with Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and to explore ways to improve timely vaccination rate of newborn HepB1 in rural and pastoral areas. Methods Through the access to literature, on-site visits, household surveys, questionnaires and other methods to collect relevant information and information. Results In 2004, the timely vaccination rate of HepB1 in neonates was 42.61% in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Among them, the prompt inoculation rate of HepB1 was 91.77% in newborn and 19.58% in HepB1. The hospital delivery rate was 31.90%; home accounted for 51.06% of vaccination; HepB1 not timely vaccination mainly due to parents do not know, accounting for 39.66%. Conclusion The statewide neonatal HepB1 vaccination rate was low in 2004. In the future to step up publicity and health education activities, to grasp the delivery of pregnant women at home delivery information and timely delivery of newborns born at home is to improve timely HepB1 neonatal rate of vaccination is an effective means.