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视网膜血管病变中新生血管的发生占有重要地位,是很多视网膜疾病的严重并发症,其发病机制尚未完全明了,综述了胚胎视网膜血管发生方式及其促进因素。人胚胎视网膜血管发生存在两个阶段,第一阶段为视网膜内层血管的发育,由梭形细胞增殖分化形成血管内皮细胞,再改建成血管,第二阶段是外层血管的发育,由已存在的内层血管以出芽方式形成。血管的生成受到多种因素的调节,促进血管新生的调节因子有很多,其中血管内皮生长因子,碱性成纤维细胞生长因子是到目前为止发现最强的促进血管新生的生长因子。
The occurrence of neovascularization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of retinal vascular diseases. It is a serious complication of many retinal diseases. The pathogenesis of retinal neovascularization is not yet fully understood. The way of embryo retinal angiogenesis and its promotion factors are reviewed. There are two stages of human embryonic retinal angiogenesis, the first stage is the development of the inner retinal blood vessels, proliferation and differentiation of spindle cells into vascular endothelial cells, and then transformed into blood vessels, the second stage is the development of the outer blood vessels, from the existing The inner blood vessels are formed by budding. The formation of blood vessels is regulated by many factors and there are many regulatory factors that promote angiogenesis. Among them, vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor are by far the strongest promoting angiogenic growth factors.