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目的了解Echo 30病毒性脑膜炎暴发疫情103例病例的临床特征,为今后诊断与治疗提供参考。方法制定病例定义(临床诊断病例和实验室诊断病例),在学校和医院内开展病例搜索,对病例的临床症状与体征、临床检查结果及初步诊断情况进行描述,同时选择20名确诊病例开展带毒监测。结果搜索到学生病例103人,罹患率4.6%(103/2 255);临床症状以发热(100.0%)、头痛(70.9%)、呕吐(68.0%)、头晕(40.8%)、恶心(33.0%)症状为主,部分出现了腹痛(14.6%)、腹泻(4.9%);86人血常规检测,白细胞计数升高的占73.3%(63/86),中性粒细胞计数升高的占57.0%(49/86);12人脑脊液(CSF)检查11人脑脊液白细胞计数异常(91.7%);16人脑电图(EEG)检查12人出现轻度异常(75.0%);仅搜集到15例患者门诊初诊记录,11人诊断为上呼吸道感染(73.3%);病例排毒时间范围为7～28 d。结论该次Echo30所致的病毒性脑膜炎暴发疫情与既往报道的临床特征相似,基层医院对此病的诊断与治疗意识不够,应加强当地重点与季节性传染病的诊断与治疗方面内容的培训。
Objective To understand the clinical features of 103 cases of outbreaks of Echo 30 virus meningitis and provide reference for future diagnosis and treatment. Methods To define the cases (clinical diagnosis and laboratory diagnosis), to carry out case searches in schools and hospitals, to describe the clinical symptoms and signs, clinical examination results and preliminary diagnosis, and to select 20 confirmed cases Drug monitoring. Results A total of 103 student cases were found, with a prevalence rate of 4.6% (103/2 255). Clinical symptoms included fever (100.0%), headache (70.9%), vomiting (68.0%), dizziness (40.8%), nausea ), With abdominal pain (14.6%) and diarrhea (4.9%) in some cases. Totally 93.3% (63/86) patients had higher white blood cell count and 86 % (49/86); abnormal cerebrospinal fluid count (91.7%) in 12 human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); mild abnormality (75.0%) in 16 human EEG; only 15 cases Outpatient clinic patient records, 11 were diagnosed as upper respiratory tract infection (73.3%); case detoxification time range of 7 ~ 28 d. Conclusions The outbreak of Echo30 caused by viral encephalitis is similar to the previously reported clinical features. The awareness of diagnosis and treatment of this disease is not enough in primary hospitals. Training on the diagnosis and treatment of local and seasonal infectious diseases should be strengthened .