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利用SSR分子标记检测了15个杂交稻亲本间的遗传多样性和遗传距离,结合配合力试验分析了这些亲本间的遗传距离与产量相关主要农艺性状的一般配合力的相关性。结果筛选到35个多态性好的SSR标记,根据SSR标记检测数据,按UPGMA聚类方法将15个亲本分为不育系和恢复系两大类群,与这些亲本的恢保特性相符合。两类亲本间的平均遗传距离为0.4945,宜恢7633与Ⅱ-32A、明恢63与川香29A间的遗传距离最大(D=0.5485),宜恢3551与宜香1A、珍汕97A间的遗传距离最小(D=0.4360)。这些亲本NCII设计的配合力分析表明,产量相关的农艺性状多数受加性效应和非加性效应的共同控制,性状的一般配合力贡献率较大,但是单株产量的非加性效应作用更大。单株产量一般配合力较高的亲本是蜀恢527、川香29A和宜香1A,效应值分别为17.77、10.82和10.49。亲本间的平均遗传距离与主要性状的GCA效应值的相关系数为-0.15~0.15,有一定的相关性,但是都没有达显著水平,分子标记遗传距离与一般配合力的相关性还有待于进一步探讨。
The genetic diversity and genetic distance among fifteen hybrid rice parents were detected by SSR markers. The correlation between the genetic distance and the general combining ability of the main agronomic traits related to yield was analyzed based on the combining ability test. Results A total of 35 polymorphic SSR markers were screened. Based on the data of SSR markers, 15 parents were divided into two groups according to UPGMA clustering method, which were consistent with the restorative traits of these parents. The average genetic distance between two types of parents was 0.4945, Yihui 7633 and Ⅱ-32A, Minghui 63 and Chuanxiang 29A were the largest (D = 0.5485), Yihui 3551 and Yi Xiang 1A and Zhenshan 97A The genetic distance is the smallest (D = 0.4360). The analysis of combining ability of NCII design of these parents showed that agronomic traits related to yield were mostly controlled by both additive and non-additive effects, and the general combining ability of traits contributed more, but the effect of non-additive effect per plant was more Big. The parents with higher combined ability per plant were Shuhui 527, Chuanxiang 29A and Yixiang 1A with effects of 17.77,10.82 and 10.49 respectively. The correlation coefficient between the average genetic distance and the GCA effect of the main traits was -0.15 ~ 0.15, but there was no significant correlation between the average genetic distance and the GCA effect of the main traits. The correlation between the molecular marker genetic distance and the general combining ability needs to be further studied Discussion.