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目的了解我国西南彝族农村地区HIV、血吸虫、蛔虫及鞭虫感染状况,调查是否存在混合感染。方法在我国西南部某山区随机选取一个彝族乡开展横断面调查,检测村民HIV、血吸虫、蛔虫及鞭虫感染情况;并对村民进行问卷调查,了解HIV及寄生虫感染的危险因素。结果我国西南彝族农村地区居民HIV、血吸虫、蛔虫和鞭虫感染率分别为2.33%、2.05%、13.47%和30.59%,鞭虫与蛔虫共同感染检出率为7.08%,HIV与蛔虫和鞭虫共同感染检出率均为0.23%。男性以及吸毒是HIV感染的危险因素[OR=3.26,95%CI:(0.97,10.95);OR=72.86,95%CI:(18.51,286.76)];厕所与蛔虫和鞭虫感染间均存在负相关关系[OR=0.51,95%CI:(0.27,0.98);OR=0.48,95%CI:(0.28,0.80)]。与居住在村4的居民相比,村1村民感染蛔虫风险较高[OR=3.14,95%CI:(1.35,7.27)];与居住在村4的居民相比,居住在村2和村3的村民鞭虫感染风险较高[OR=3.73,95%CI:(1.92,7.26);OR=4.53,95%CI:(2.12,9.68)]。此外,11~20岁年龄组村民鞭虫感染风险高于>50岁村民[OR=3.72,95%CI:(1.59,8.67)];蛔虫与鞭虫感染间存在相关关系[OR=3.11,95%CI:(1.63,5.93)],未发现与血吸虫感染相关的因素。结论我国西南彝族农村居民HIV及寄生虫感染率尤其是鞭虫感染率较高;应进一步探索HIV与寄生虫感染,尤其是与血吸虫感染间的关系。
Objective To understand the status of HIV, schistosomiasis, roundworm and whipworm infection in the rural areas of southwestern Yi in Southwest China and investigate whether there is a mixed infection. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a mountainous area of southwestern China to investigate the HIV, schistosomiasis, roundworm and whipworm infections. Villagers were surveyed to find out the risk factors of HIV and parasitic infection. Results The prevalence rates of HIV, schistosomiasis, roundworm and whipworm were 2.33%, 2.05%, 13.47% and 30.59% respectively in rural areas of Yi ethnic group living in Southwest China. The detection rate of co-infection between whipworm and roundworm was 7.08% The common infection rate was 0.23%. Male and drug addiction were risk factors of HIV infection [OR = 3.26, 95% CI: (0.97, 10.95); OR = 72.86, 95% CI: (18.51, 286.76)]; negative infection occurred between toilets and roundworms and whipworms Correlation [OR = 0.51, 95% CI: (0.27, 0.98); OR = 0.48, 95% CI: (0.28, 0.80)]. Compared with residents living in village 4, villagers in village 1 have a higher risk of infection with roundworms [OR = 3.14,95% CI: (1.35,7.27)]; residents living in village 2 and village 2 live in villages 3 villagers whipworm infection risk is higher [OR = 3.73,95% CI: (1.92,7.26); OR = 4.53,95% CI: (2.12,9.68)]. In addition, the prevalence of whipworm infection among villagers aged 11-20 was higher than that of villagers aged> 50 (OR = 3.72,95% CI: (1.59,8.67)]. There was a correlation between roundworm infection and whipworm infection [OR = 3.11,95 % CI: (1.63, 5.93)], no factors related to schistosome infection were found. Conclusion HIV and parasitic infections in rural areas of Yi nationality in southwestern China, especially the whipworm infection rate, should be further explored. The relationship between HIV and parasitic infections, especially with schistosomiasis infection should be further explored.