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本文用光弹性应力冻结法对带错边平板、带错边球壳的应力场和错边根部半椭圆内表面裂纹的应力强度因子进行了实验研究。实验结果表明在错边还都存在较大的应力集中,在我们研究的裂纹所在截面内有剪应力存在,故裂纹处于混合型。实验表明错边球的KⅡ/KI较小,在工程计算中,KI可以忽略不计。在我们采用的一种适用于壳体的“半椭圆”表面裂纹的定义下,得到了无量纲应力强度因子M沿裂纹前沿的变化规律,在不同深度、不同长度、不同形状的情况下,对裂纹最深点的无量纲应力强度因子的变化规律进行了研究,并与几种平板公式的计算结果进行了近似比较。
In this paper, the stress intensity field of the semi-ellipse crack in the stress field with the wrong-side flat plate and the wrong-side spherical shell and the crack at the root of the wrong side are experimentally studied by the photoelastic stress freezing method. The experimental results show that there is a large stress concentration in the wrong edge, and there is shear stress in the cross section of the crack where we studied, so the crack is in a mixed type. Experiments show that the KⅡ / KI of the mis-bounding ball is small, and KI can be neglected in engineering calculation. Under the definition of a “semi-oval” surface crack which is applied to the shell, we obtain the variation rule of the dimensionless stress intensity factor M along the crack front. Under different depths, different lengths and different shapes, The variation rule of dimensionless stress intensity factor at the deepest point of crack was studied and compared with the calculation results of several slab formulas.