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目的 验证重症监护病房(ICU)患者导尿管相关性尿路感染(CAUTI)与尿道多重耐药菌(MDROs)定植的关系.方法 采用巢式病例对照研究法.调查2015年6月1日-2016年12月31日某医院ICU留置导尿的所有患者CAUTI发生情况,比较病例组和对照组间尿道MDROs定植率差异;分析CAUTI主要危险因素及其与MDROs的相关性.结果 纳入队列研究的CAUTI病例组共176例,对照组共336例.与对照组相比,病例组的MDROs定植率增高明显(x2 =10.831,P＜0.05),总住院时间和入住ICU时间也较长(Z=-10.102和-11.298,P值均＜0.05).MDROs定植与CAUTI风险呈正相关(OR =2.404,P＜0.05).与MDROs阴性患者相比,CAUTI病例组中阳性感染患者的抗菌药物使用时间较长(Z=-4.333,P＜0.05).结论 ICU留置导尿患者中尿道MDROs定植CAUTI发病风险显著升高,抗菌药物选择难度较大.“,”Objective To investigate the association between catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) and colonization of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in patients of Intensive Care Unit (ICU).Methods The nested case-control study was used to investigate the occurrence of CAUTI for all patients of ICU indwelling catheter a hospital from June 1 st 2015 to December 31st 2016.CAUTI comparison was done to find the MDROS colonization rate difference between case group and control group;analysis of the major risk factors of CAUTI and its correlation with MDROs were also carried out.Results The MDROS colonization rate between 176 cases in CAUTI group and 336 patients in control group was significantly different.The total hospitalization time and ICU stay time in two groups were significantly different;longer time use of antibacterial drugs occurred in patients with MDROs positive CAUTI patients;and MDROs was positively correlated with CAUTI colonization risk (OR =2.404,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The risk of MDROs colonization of CAUTI in the patients with ICU catheterization increases significantly,and the choice of antibiotics is difficult.