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目的了解崇左市锰矿企业存在的主要职业病危害因素对工人健康的影响,为指导锰矿企业更好地开展职业病防治工作,保护劳动者健康提供科学依据。方法按《职业健康监护管理办法》锰矿企业工人在岗期间检查项目要求开展职业健康检查,并对检查结果进行分析。结果尿锰检查1 570人,异常检出率最高,占63.89%;男性作业工人尿锰异常检出率比女性高,两者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.82,P<0.01);B超检查1 100人,异常检出率21.27%;听力测试751人,异常检出率12.52%;胸片检查1 570人,异常检出率0.96%。结论崇左市锰矿企业存在的主要危害因素为锰及其化合物、噪声,对人体健康造成了直接影响,存在职业病发生隐患,锰及其化合物的污染不容忽视。监管部门及企业自身应采取切实可行的综合防治措施。
Objective To understand the impact of major occupational hazards on workers’ health in the enterprises of Chongzuo manganese ore enterprises and provide scientific basis for guiding the manganese enterprises to carry out prevention and treatment of occupational diseases better and to protect their health. Methods According to Occupational Health Monitoring and Management Measures, workers in manganese mines during the period of inspection requirements of workers to carry out occupational health checks, and the inspection results were analyzed. Results There were 1 570 urine manganese tests with the highest detection rate (63.89%). The detection rate of urinary manganese in male workers was higher than that in women (χ2 = 21.82, P <0.01). B ultrasound examination of 1 100 people, anomaly detection rate of 21.27%; 751 hearing tests, anomaly detection rate of 12.52%; 1 570 were chest X-ray examination, the abnormal detection rate of 0.96%. Conclusion The main risk factors of manganese ore enterprises in Chongzuo City are manganese and its compounds, noise, which have a direct impact on human health. Occupational diseases may occur, and the pollution of manganese and its compounds should not be neglected. Regulatory authorities and enterprises themselves should take practical and comprehensive prevention and control measures.