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目的 总结小儿颅内肿瘤的临床特点 ,评价计算机X线断层扫描 (CT)、核磁共振成像 (MRI)对颅内肿瘤的诊断价值及手术治疗的重要性。方法 对 71例小儿颅内肿瘤的临床、颅脑CT、MRI及病理资料进行总结分析。结果 71例患儿中 ,头痛 5 7例 ,呕吐 4 0例 ,视乳头水肿 4 6例 ,共济失调 2 1例 ,肌力减退或偏瘫 7例 ,多饮多尿、眼球活动受限、眼球震颤各 5例 ;CT检查阳性率 95 8% ,MRI阳性率 10 0 % ;肿瘤的分布显示颅咽管瘤、髓母细胞瘤分别为幕上、幕下第一位肿瘤 ,星形胶质细胞瘤Ⅰ～Ⅱ级在幕上、幕下也占较高比例。结论 对非感染性高颅压的病人 ,CT、MRI应作为常规的检查方法 ,所有患儿尽可能手术 ,既可以改善预后 ,又可减少影像检查对颅内肿瘤诊断的局限性。
Objective To summarize the clinical features of intracranial tumors in children and evaluate the value of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of intracranial tumors and the importance of surgical treatment. Methods 71 cases of children with intracranial tumors clinical, brain CT, MRI and pathological data were analyzed. Results 71 cases of children, headache 57 cases, 40 cases of vomiting, papilledema 46 cases, ataxia 21 cases, muscle weakness or hemiplegia in 7 cases, polydipsia, limited eye activity, eyeball Tremor in 5 cases. The positive rate of CT examination was 95.8% and the positive rate of MRI was 100%. The distribution of tumor showed that craniopharyngioma and medulloblastoma were the first tumor in the supratentorial and infratentorial tissues, respectively. Astrocytoma Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ level in the screen, the screen also accounted for a higher proportion. Conclusion CT and MRI should be used as a routine examination method in patients with noninfectious intracranial hypertension. All children should be treated as much as possible to improve the prognosis and reduce the limitations of imaging examination in the diagnosis of intracranial tumors.