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榉树枯萎病(blight disease ofZelkova schneideriana)是在榉树上发现的一种新的病害,为了解该病害的发生发展,确定该病害的病原,笔者对病害的发生和为害情况进行了实地调查,用柯赫氏法则确定了病原,并对病原进行了形态与分子鉴定。研究结果表明,病害在林地和苗圃均有分布,导致榉树大树和幼苗死亡,榉树地上部分逐渐失绿枯萎,根部变色腐烂。对枯萎病病原进行了分离、接种和再分离,确定该病病原,并通过形态学特性和rDNA-ITS序列分析,鉴定该病害病原为尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)。对该病的传染性进行分析确定了该病害为土传病害,病害的发生与地形地势有关,低洼地段病害往往发生较重,有随地表水流到处传播特点。病原物尖孢镰刀菌产生大量厚垣孢子,孢子从植物根部入侵,造成根部皮层腐烂,地上部分枯萎。
The blight disease of Zelkova schneideriana is a new disease found in the beech tree. In order to understand the occurrence and development of the disease and determine the pathogen of the disease, the author conducted a field investigation on the occurrence and damage of the disease. The Koch’s law was used to determine the pathogen and the pathogen was identified by morphology and molecular identification. The results showed that the disease was distributed in both woodland and nursery, resulting in the death of large trees and seedlings of beech trees, the deciduous trees withered green ground and the discolored roots decayed. Fusarium wilt pathogen was isolated, inoculated and re-isolated to determine the pathogen, and by morphological characteristics and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis, the pathogen identified as Fusarium oxysporum. The infectiousness of the disease was analyzed to determine the disease is soil-borne diseases, the occurrence of diseases and terrain, the low-lying sections of the disease often occur heavier, with the spread of surface water flow characteristics. Pathogens Fusarium oxysporum produce a large number of chlamydospores, spores from plant roots invade, causing the root cortex decay, the ground part of the withered.