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割手密作为甘蔗育种中重要的野生亲本,具有适应范围广、抗病和抗逆性强的优势。为了确定5S r DNA在不同倍性割手密基因组中的分布位点的数目、区域与拷贝数,本研究应用荧光原位杂交技术在云南82-114(2n=10x=80)和福建89-1-19(2n=13x=104)两份不同倍性割手密材料的间期核和中期染色体上进行5S r DNA定位研究。结果表明:5S r DNA在这两个割手密无性系中的位点数、分布位置以及信号的强弱变化较大。其中,云南82-114割手密有10个信号位点,且基本都在着丝粒附近;福建89-1-19割手密有13个信号位点,部分靠近着丝粒,还有少部分在着丝粒附近的长臂上;同一细胞中不同染色体上的杂交信号有强弱之分,差异明显;而且割手密的5S r DNA位点数与倍性具有相关性,在染色体上没有固定的分布模式,5S r DNA在不同染色体上的拷贝数存在较大的差异。研究结果揭示了割手密染色体结构多样性和5S r DNA拷贝数多样性,可在分子水平上为染色体提供有效的识别标记,有助于物种的进化及亲缘关系的分析。
As a key wild parent in the sugarcane breeding, cutting the palm has the advantages of wide adaptability, strong disease resistance and resistance. In order to determine the number, region and copy number of 5S r DNA in different ploidy genomes, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization in Yunnan 82-114 (2n = 10x = 80) and Fujian 89- The 5S r DNA mapping was performed on the interphase and metaphase chromosomes of two batches of ploidy-cut material 1-19 (2n = 13x = 104). The results showed that the number of 5S rDNA loci, distribution positions and the intensity of the signal varied greatly in the two clones. Among them, Yunnan 82-114 cut hands close 10 signal sites, and are basically in the vicinity of centromere; Fujian 89-1-19 cut hands dense 13 signal sites, part of the centromere, there are less Part of the centromere in the vicinity of the long arm; the same cell in different chromosomes on the hybridization signal strength and the difference was significant; and cut the secret 5S r DNA ploidy and ploidy has a correlation, in the chromosomes are not The fixed distribution pattern, 5S r DNA copy number on different chromosomes there is a big difference. The results revealed the structural diversity and 5S r DNA copy number diversity of the cut mute chromosomes, which provided effective identification markers for the chromosomes at the molecular level, which is helpful for the evolution of the species and the analysis of the kinship.