论文部分内容阅读
水渍是海湾周边地区冬小 麦一种严重的环境胁迫。据推测，在当前的小麦品系 和品种中，存在抗渍能力的差异。利用与产量有关的适当生理参数可评价 这种抗渍差异。本研究采用了三种类 型的试验：８ 个品种的 ２ 年 温室试验；２０ 个品种品系的 ４ 年 田间灌水试验；６ 个品种 ３ 年田 间遮雨棚内试验 （可比较在水渍和良好灌溉条 件下的不同表现）。遮雨棚试验中，水渍引起 ４５％ 的减产，穗粒数减少 ４５％ ，粒重 减 少 ５％ 。田间 试验 中， Ｃｏｋｅｒ ９８７７ 和品 系 Ｌ Ａ８６２ Ａ１６ － ３ － ３ － Ｘ 的 产 量分 别 高于 平 均值 ３２％ 和３３％ 。温室内测定的水渍条件下的光合作用与产量相 关较小（ｒ２ ＝ ０．６１），而在排水良好的条件下。，则表现 为 相关 （ｒ２ ＝ ０．８７），产 量与生 物产 量和 根系 矿物 质 含量 （ Ｆｅ＋ Ｍ ｎ ＋ Ｐ）高 度相 关（ｒ２ 分 别为 ０． ８４ 和０．９４）。水渍产量×品种，在排水良好的条件下与产量不相关（ｒ２ ＝ ０．１４），而在水渍条件下，具有相同的差异反应。根系矿物 质含量与产量间的负相关，也促进了根系上矿物根斑的形成。这进一步表明在 选择抗渍小麦品系时，需要探讨根系的功能。
Waterlogging is a serious environmental stress on winter wheat in the area around the Gulf. Presumably, there is a difference in stain resistance in the current wheat lines and varieties. This anti-stain difference can be evaluated using appropriate physiological parameters related to yield. Three types of experiments were used in this study: a 2-year greenhouse experiment with 8 cultivars; a 4-year field irrigation experiment with 20 cultivars; and a 3-year canopy field experiment with 6 cultivars (comparable between waterlogging and good irrigation Under different conditions). In the canopy test, water stains resulted in a 45% reduction in production, a 45% reduction in grains per spike and a 5% reduction in grain weight. In field trials, yields of Coker 9877 and line L A862 A16 - 3 - 3 - X were above mean 32% and 33%, respectively. The photosynthesis under the water-stain conditions determined in the greenhouse was less related to yield (r2 = 0.61), while under good drainage conditions. (R2 = 0.87). The yield was highly correlated with biomass and root mineral content (Fe + Mn + P) (r2 = 0.84 and 0.94, respectively). Waterlogging yield × Varieties, Irrelevant to yield (r2 = 0.14) under well-drained conditions, while under water-stain conditions, with the same differential response. The negative correlation between root mineral content and yield also contributed to the formation of mineral root spots on the root system. This further indicates that in selecting resistant wheat lines, the function of the root system needs to be explored.